The challenge of any society is able to form complex structures to strengthen and sustain the same man on the basis of the production process, meeting their needs. Any economic system does not converge on a simple human desire and a slide to form structures, is a reverse process: the context, which is the relationship between man and nature socialization plays a dependent on their historical links and ties them of society is thus natural and social man sets standards or guidelines for social action, transforms nature and it fits through the work and creates a scenario called civilization, a manifestation of culture, and therefore all types of institutions, political, artistic and social .
The historical trend shows that the group of human beings in the production processes and social relations of production, determine the form or mode of economic development: the primitive community, slavery, feudalism, capitalism and communism. Arises when the exploitation of man by man (slavery), there classism and this becomes the social and political structure of human doing, changing habits and collective paradigms. Severe accumulation of capital, developing ways to value the work done by those who do not own the tools of production, are hallmarks of the assertion of the words: private property.
Man becomes master of other men, but not of themselves, reflecting a society in decline and subject to political protocols of the ruling class. It is for this reason that the popular social events in the history of humanity, clearly demonstrate the social instability of the system based on private property and there is the "other" trend, the "other" vision, the "other" paradigm, the antithesis of socio-productive socialism.
Socialism is the pace of change and emancipation from the oppression of the current regime is a systemic form of transition to communism. It proposes to abolish private property by a collective, which means equal opportunities for the welfare of all, abolition of classes and integration of interests, establishing a new paradigm more humanized, the demolition of other institutions not knowable knowable essence, that all owners be land and production tools, the formation of a collective state and grounded in the decision and interests of all, as simple control and distribution actor, proposes a radical democracy, not Greek or American persuasion.
Because some did not understand not only the symbolism of socialism, but systemic reconfiguration that this represented, there is the linguistic and structural distortion, the fact that including the word socialism, collective, common, not to say that the implications and applications of these two words are essentially socialism, would then be a systemic transition point toward communism and becomes limited vision in a simple and confusing, simplistic political discourse.
Socialism arises in time and space for the classic struggle of opposites in the history of mankind, especially of the eighteenth century to the modern and postmodern era, where the constitution of the capitalist system led to a series of chronic imbalances in society.
In the period mentioned above, are discussed socialism as an alternative path of development are not only economic but also social and human. This led to a multiplicity of views about the universal concept of socialism. Here are the main paradigms that are about socialism, from the Platonic utopianism to realism of Marx.
Utopian socialism
social vision of thinkers like Plato refers to a simple imaginary era forced and repressed desires of the civil action, the hope that equality is put in place in human axiological consciousness and praxis, and that freedom is no longer synonymous with the subject without a scientific basis and without a struggle for them, it is quite call it socialism.
This happens to be a utopia to some extent alienated. Thomas More in his time, wrote the book "Utopia", Francis Bacon, "Atlantis," James Harrington with the work titled, "Oceania", including Rousseau, in his "Social Contract" is unlimited imagination and limited to a field goal. All of them, only describing an ideal state, a state abolition of private property, self-fulfillment between the individual and the species, the struggle between essence and existence, a freedom subject to the afterlife.
Christian Socialism
Its basis is the existence of poverty, as long as there is, there will be injustice and truncation of the full human development, proposing faith as a work tool and fosters love, setting up social doings and reconciling interests.
The belief in Jesus Christ will lead to a state of perfect equality, where neither the poor nor the rich may be differentiated, but only happen after the coming of Jesus. Some theorists of this movement were: Francisco Huet and Pope Leo XIII. Both believed in the stabilization of relations between workers and bosses, remembering the brotherhood in Christ and one way or another to justify the holding, disclaim real socialism, since it showed no symptoms dialectic, accepted private property and relegated the actual progress of the workers.
Socialism guildista
guild is known as socialism. Advocates a social organization based on self-government of workers and in the medieval guilds. This current English at the beginning of the twentieth century, distorts the historical conditions of economic systems, trying to link the two, when that is impossible. Combines policy planning with the national economy according to establishments guildistas workshops.
Guild Socialism
guildista not far off when, with the difference that there is a dualist state, something like mixed as indefinite.
"Guild Socialism was looking for an autonomous government that promotes industrial development through national associations or unions, such as the" American Federation of Labor. " The Federation was represented by groups of workers belonging to and represented by a national congress of trade unions, on the other workers to be consumers, they are represented in the same way for a second political congress with power to control prices finalidd associated tax industry association, thus making the administration of justice and a sustainable diplomacy.
Guild Socialism was only trying to recognize the participation of trade unions working in a capitalist system, the basis of justice, was not enough to define as socialism, and more systemic support was lost.
German Democratic Socialism
In the nineteenth century did movements that were generated tremble and even substitute for a period the political system, but not economic, since it was only a change of decision and bourgeois intellectual.
With the economic fragmentation of Germany and the flowering of Romanticism and the influence of French politics, it solidified a mindset based on democracy, people power for the election.
This philosophical intended to liberate the people of minorities in the political and economic power, the latter aspect was an ideal to give an aspiration to be at the mass of economic power and create a community of free men workers alike. However, they did not understand the historical development of productive forces and the ideal contrast to the full understanding of the formation and adequacy of the hegemonic system.
Fabiano Socialism
Named after the Roman general. He criticizes the shortcomings of economic liberalism and proposes strategies for state policy action. The group of intellectuals like, Beatrice Webb and Edward Bernstein, offered a series of literary and some political science to the stock of German culture, even this trend comes to the English Parliament, just after the death of Marx.
Awarded to the European community, a clear vision of reality and try to build a reality see political stability for the people, the "common." Unfortunately, not reaching the full climax of what constitutes the economic structure set dramatically in the commons.
state socialism
could reaffirm the position, that state socialism was and is the justification for the mixed economy. Only this current political thinking and economic cycle the industry.
proposes a division of means of production according to class and political division. The intention and objective State socialism is to take the majority of industries and services in a country with the aim of strengthening its domestic market and encourage more domestic competition and cater for all your needs to society as a suitable price to earnings workers and people in general. Not distinguish the issue of class rather sought to establish policy decisions and industrial relations, as did many nations in Latin America during the twentieth century.
Scientific socialism
Exposed by theorists Karl Marx, Frederick Engels and later by Lennin, mid-nineteenth century.
socialism explained by these thinkers, considered the acquittal of the system, thereby removing the vices of the former totalitarian and seek development with men, to achieve a degree of education and habit of collectivism.
criticizes private property and all that emanates from it, explains the origin of capital and the reality of the value of goods and labor exploitation, handed down in goodwill.
scientific socialism of Karl Marx is analyzed in two ways: dialectical materialism and historical materialism. The first is to explain reality from conception of the objective world and establishing a research method that was very valid and applied natural sciences such as biology, chemistry and physics, explaining the knowable and that ideas are a reflection of matter, is that everything is in a process of change, process inalienable human beings as being wise. Historical materialism explains the reality of evolution of the struggle of opposites, the class struggle and theoretical foundations of the laws of society such as the correlation between productive forces and social relations of production, among others.
The universe of scientific socialism, is a world difficult to understand, due to inculcation little imagination and comprehensive analysis of literature. This universe studies and analyzes economic, sociological, legal, cultural, religious, political, anthropological, natural, philosophical, mainly.
Thus the abolition of private property is a substantial base of scientific socialism which refers to a property and its policy with all Aver.
Socialism is an alternative pathway for the development of mankind, and it is not yet known completely, but in part, achieving a loom of confusion. A clear example is the failure of the Soviet Union, asserting the defense of U.S. imperialism and some European and Asian countries that socialism is the wrong paradigm. What happened is the former Soviet Union, but the precipitation was not forced to communism, ie there was a failure to mutate into an anachronistic feudalism to communism through socialism, the above was in the dialectic is somewhat contradictory, incomprehensible and absurd . For there to socialism in a society, should have gone through the development of capitalism in all its facets, something that has not happened despite the globalization of economies.
Regardless of the dialectic of society, socialism can be discerned as an inflection point (change) to communism and the new society is also conceived as an alternative paradigm of multiple perspectives, pursuing a goal too specific: the collective development, so that socialism in any understanding goes far beyond the paradigm of collective interest, selfish and unequal.
As a society we must remain in the struggle to re-humanize the institutions, political systems and social and universal thought, before our freedoms from being obfuscated by the anchoring consumption and personal interest in our "idea" and it's too late to voluntarily collaborate from any social class to the capitalist system is not the ultimate economic output to see which is destroying the people and the environment. Given this scenario, it is not unreasonable to remember the phrase "socialism or death", being the first viable alternative to the development and second, a fact of life for all.
Socialism emerges as a critique of private property and the prevailing system of thought in an era influenced capitalist society and in decline.
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