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infectious Valdivia: ATTACK BACTERIA
With the detection of more than 10 cases, the experts conclude that Valdivia is one of the cities of Chile, with more patients infected with the bacteria leptospiria, affecting organs like the kidneys, liver and brain, plus it can even be lethal.
The leptospiria is a bacterium characteristic of the central and south American continent, which is transmitted from animals to humans, and severely damage after operation kidney, brain and / or liver can lead to death of the patient, if it is not treated quickly.
The problem is that in Chile, they do not have sufficient technical mechanisms to detect the presence of this bacteria in the bloodstream of patients, so their treatment is being delayed in most cases.
only starting in April 2000, Regulation No. 712 on Notification of Notifiable Diseases, issued by the Ministry of Health stipulates that Leptospira, Agent of Leptospirosis, will be Monitoring Laboratory under the responsibility of the Institute of Public Health.
This monitoring allows us to investigate the risks they were exposed to sick people, to adopt appropriate environmental intervention designed to prevent or correct them. However, with regard to detection of the disease on routine examinations, yet there is nothing clean.
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The liptospirosis, as it is called disease is not transmitted through consumption of meat, but through feces or secretions of birds, fish, mice and even cats that are carriers of the bacteria.
Their habitat is mostly wild. Infected animals, especially rodents such tend not to present symptoms. The bacteria remain in the host for weeks or months and, in the case of the rodents can reproduce and remain eliminated through excretion, throughout his life.
Once it is passed by the host alive, survive for weeks or months in water and soil. Both humans and animals become infected by direct contact with contaminated water, from where it enters the body through cuts or abrasions in the skin and mucous membranes of eyes, nose and mouth.
Humans also can contract the disease by direct contact with blood, tissues, organs and urine of infected animals. On the other hand, it is possible to become infected by eating Contaminated food or water, plus it has also been documented cases where the transmission was through sexual and transplacental transmission, as the scientist Zamora said in his report: "Leptospirosis: Update and status in Chile."
This disease has a usual incubation of 1 week, but can also develop between 2 and 28 days. May occur with or without obvious symptoms, and in a mild to severe and general commitment of the organs. When symptoms are often like a common cold, fever, cough, headache and general discomfort, that after some time passed, while the bacteria continues to attack the organs of infected and should go forward to a serious meningitis.
The problem is that in Chile, they do not have sufficient technical mechanisms to detect the presence of this bacteria in the bloodstream of patients, so their treatment is being delayed in most cases.
only starting in April 2000, Regulation No. 712 on Notification of Notifiable Diseases, issued by the Ministry of Health stipulates that Leptospira, Agent of Leptospirosis, will be Monitoring Laboratory under the responsibility of the Institute of Public Health.
This monitoring allows us to investigate the risks they were exposed to sick people, to adopt appropriate environmental intervention designed to prevent or correct them. However, with regard to detection of the disease on routine examinations, yet there is nothing clean.
Continue Reading ...
The liptospirosis, as it is called disease is not transmitted through consumption of meat, but through feces or secretions of birds, fish, mice and even cats that are carriers of the bacteria.
Their habitat is mostly wild. Infected animals, especially rodents such tend not to present symptoms. The bacteria remain in the host for weeks or months and, in the case of the rodents can reproduce and remain eliminated through excretion, throughout his life.
Once it is passed by the host alive, survive for weeks or months in water and soil. Both humans and animals become infected by direct contact with contaminated water, from where it enters the body through cuts or abrasions in the skin and mucous membranes of eyes, nose and mouth.
Humans also can contract the disease by direct contact with blood, tissues, organs and urine of infected animals. On the other hand, it is possible to become infected by eating Contaminated food or water, plus it has also been documented cases where the transmission was through sexual and transplacental transmission, as the scientist Zamora said in his report: "Leptospirosis: Update and status in Chile."
This disease has a usual incubation of 1 week, but can also develop between 2 and 28 days. May occur with or without obvious symptoms, and in a mild to severe and general commitment of the organs. When symptoms are often like a common cold, fever, cough, headache and general discomfort, that after some time passed, while the bacteria continues to attack the organs of infected and should go forward to a serious meningitis.
The Bachelor of Science degree and master's thesis student at the Universidad Austral de Chile, Patricia Puente, who is now in the final stage of a new study on this bacterium, called "Diagnosis of human pathogenic leptospiria" Please note that as the symptoms of leptospirosis are similar in a first step to hantavirus syndrome, have taken blood samples from people who have these symptoms to track concerned, beyond which a positive test result or negative syndrome, which transmits long mouse-coli. For now, the results of the analysis of these patients remain under medical reserve.
Valdivia Why?
The Masters Patricia Puente, also has that in her current research, the number of infected 11casos amounts to quite the top of the national average, which recognizes that "In addition to weather conditions this is mainly rural area, where high activity is practiced veterinary and agricultural, which allows transmission from animals human beings. " In his symposium
"Infections associated with natural disasters," the specialist Cecilia Perret Emerging Infections Committee of the Chilean Society of Infectious Diseases, clearly states that one of the causes of the spread of leptospirosis bacteria is related to disasters such as earthquakes, landslides and floods.
natural events are characterized by left in place, the moisture it needs these bacteria to multiply or to survive in the environment, time can be six months, mostly by the increase in the level of surface water contaminated with the bacteria.
a place of risk is Chaitén where after the eruption, there was the flooding of the land, as in Valdivia after the earthquake of 1960.
Furthermore, Riedemann and Zamora, the report of 1999 "Isolation and survival of Leptospira in kidney tissue of wild rodents, this animal identified as the main transmitter of the bacteria to humans and domestic animals "since the eliminated through the urine, which survive, especially in humid environments and become dangerous sources of infection." Doctors say
Enna Zunino and Rolando Pizarro, Hospital, Santiago, Dr. Lucio Córdova, who performed one of the most recent studies on the bacteria, published in 2007, the usual means for transmitting are changing: "Recent publications include a decreased risk relative increase in occupational and recreational related risk, especially to bathroom in stagnant water or other activities associated with adventure tourism during the summer period. "
In another area, according to Patricia Puente, the results of the "Diagnosis of human pathogenic leptospiria" will be published by mid next year.
"Infections associated with natural disasters," the specialist Cecilia Perret Emerging Infections Committee of the Chilean Society of Infectious Diseases, clearly states that one of the causes of the spread of leptospirosis bacteria is related to disasters such as earthquakes, landslides and floods.
natural events are characterized by left in place, the moisture it needs these bacteria to multiply or to survive in the environment, time can be six months, mostly by the increase in the level of surface water contaminated with the bacteria.
a place of risk is Chaitén where after the eruption, there was the flooding of the land, as in Valdivia after the earthquake of 1960.
Furthermore, Riedemann and Zamora, the report of 1999 "Isolation and survival of Leptospira in kidney tissue of wild rodents, this animal identified as the main transmitter of the bacteria to humans and domestic animals "since the eliminated through the urine, which survive, especially in humid environments and become dangerous sources of infection." Doctors say
Enna Zunino and Rolando Pizarro, Hospital, Santiago, Dr. Lucio Córdova, who performed one of the most recent studies on the bacteria, published in 2007, the usual means for transmitting are changing: "Recent publications include a decreased risk relative increase in occupational and recreational related risk, especially to bathroom in stagnant water or other activities associated with adventure tourism during the summer period. "
In another area, according to Patricia Puente, the results of the "Diagnosis of human pathogenic leptospiria" will be published by mid next year.
However, por ahora, puede afirmar que, a pesar de la gran cantidad de estudios que se realizan en la Universidad Austral de Chile, en que el laboratorio de Microbiología clínica es uno de los pocos a nivel nacional que trabaja en investigaciones sobre la bacteria, aún falta difusión sobre la enfermedad que causa la leptospiria, sobre todo en el ámbito médico: “Lamentablemente, esta enfermedad, es poco conocida aún entre los médicos, por lo que es muy factible que existan personas infectadas que no estén en conocimiento de ello”.
Por lo que es esencial la preocupación de las personas, en general, por informarse y, así, prevenir el contagio con la leptospirosis.
De esta forma, only is having the proper precautions in regard to water consumption, hygiene, particularly when in contact with wilderness areas, where bacteria can easily find.
Avoid being in contact with water of questionable origin, mostly stagnant, and not consume raw animal meat. Furthermore, in the case of pets is crucial to follow a continuity in vaccines that attack the bacteria, before it invades our dogs and cats then infect us.
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